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Types of Coffee Beans Behind every cup of coffee that we drink there are beans that have been carefully graded. The beans are graded based on color, size and shape. The AA grade is assigned to coffee beans that meet all of the above requirements, except they must not contain more than three deficient quality (quakers). They are typically Kenya AA beans. Arabica Arabica coffee beans, also known as Coffea arabica are the most well-known kind of bean in the world. According to the legend coffee was discovered by an Ethiopian goatherder Ethiopia after he noticed that his herd was more full of energy when they ate the fruit of the plant. This led him to study roasting and making the seeds into the drink we know and cherish today. While many types of coffee plants are available however, there are two major species used as the foundation for all our favorite beverages: robusta and arabica. The flavor of the final drink is usually more appealing when you drink the former. There are a variety of arabica cultivars. Each one has their own distinctive taste. Two of the most well-known varieties are Typica and Bourbon and from which all other varieties of arabica were developed either by natural mutation or deliberate crossbreeding. Scott Labs developed the SL28 cultivar in Kenya that is renowned for its distinct chocolate flavor. The taste of an arabica variety varies on the conditions in which it was grown and also how it was handled and cooked. For instance, the kind of shade a tree receives, its altitude and soil composition may all play a role in the final result. Robusta Robusta coffee bean s (Coffea canephora) are the second most popular type of coffee beans. They are used in most instant coffees, and they contain twice as much caffeine than Arabica Coffee Beans. They are also used to make many blends of espresso specifically for cappuccino caffe latte, and many other beverages that are coffee-based. The Coffea Canephora plant originated in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it has since been cultivated all over the world. It is able to grow at lower elevations and can tolerate higher temperatures than the Arabica coffee plant, which makes it a better crop for farmers. Vietnam is the world's biggest producer of robusta followed by Brazil and Indonesia. While the robusta coffee plant has its merits however, it's not as adored by cupping aficionados for its bitter taste and smoky rubber notes. Most large coffee companies use arabica bean for their top-quality products since it's considered to be lower-quality coffee. The demand for gourmet coffees is increasing and small roasters are experimenting to capitalize on its outstanding qualities. Our Valhalla Java and Death With Coffee are two examples of outstanding robusta coffees that are blended with arabica to give the perfect balance of strength and flavour. These coffees come from Uganda which is a country in which robusta has been cultivated for a long time. Learn more about these coffees. Liberica Liberica coffee beans are rare and are not used in the world. They are less than 2% of the world's coffee consumption, and are often overlooked since they don't contain the same amount of caffeine that Arabica and Robusta do. However, these beans have an unique taste that many coffee enthusiasts find appealing. Despite being very rare, Liberica coffee beans are still popular in a few regions of Asia. These beans are most common in Malaysia and Indonesia where there is a huge Muslim community. The coffee industry in these countries has always been very robust and coffee following a prayer is part of the culture. The background of Liberica coffee began in the 1890s, when a global epidemic of rusty coffee leaves killed the majority of the world's arabica crop. This caused coffee makers to search for a more resilient species that could thrive in tropical climates, and they soon discovered the Liberica plant. Liberica plants are resistant to disease and pests which makes them the perfect replacement for the destroyed arabica crop. Liberica also has the capacity to flourish in hot temperatures and lower altitudes. This allowed it to flourish in the climate of Southeast Asia. Liberica beans are the basis for the majority of the coffee in the Philippines and Indonesia. Excelsa While it isn't common for coffee lovers to come across excelsa beans, they are quickly gaining a reputation for having a distinct flavor. According to Komal Sable, a fifth generation coffee farmer at South India Coffee Co., these beans are “a variant of the liberica species with similar teardrop shapes, however, they are smaller.” It's important to keep in mind that despite the close resemblance between excelsa and liberica however, this species is not distinct from the other species. As such, it's a little ambiguous as to how excelsa beans should be classified and it's this confusion that has largely been the reason for this beans' minimal presence in the modern world of coffee. Because of this, many roasters, growers and brewers don't know how to grow and utilize these beans effectively. It is ultimately up to the individual to determine if they like the taste of excelsa coffee. It may take a little longer to find a blend that fits their tastes. It is important to be open and test every type of coffee until you've discovered the one you enjoy. You'll discover the wide range of options the unique beans provide. This is a trip worth the effort.